Python’s Pip (Package Installer for Python) is a command-line tool used to install, upgrade, and manage Python packages from the Python Package Index (PyPI). PyPI is the official repository that hosts thousands of Python libraries, making it easy to integrate third-party tools into your projects.
1. What is Pip?
✅ Pip is Python’s package manager for installing and managing libraries from PyPI.
✅ Comes pre-installed with Python 3.4+ and later versions.
1.1 Checking if Pip is Installed
To check if Pip is installed and view its version:
pip --version
Example Output:
pip 23.0.1 from /usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip (python 3.10)
2. Installing Packages with Pip
To install a package from PyPI:
pip install package_name
2.1 Example: Installing requests
pip install requests
Installs the requests library for making HTTP requests.
3. Installing Specific Versions
You can install a specific version of a package using:
pip install package_name==version_number
Example: Install NumPy Version 1.21.0
pip install numpy==1.21.0
4. Upgrading a Package
To update an installed package to the latest version:
pip install --upgrade package_name
Example: Upgrade Flask
pip install --upgrade flask
5. Uninstalling a Package
To remove a package:
pip uninstall package_name
Example: Uninstall Pandas
pip uninstall pandas
You’ll be asked for confirmation before uninstalling.
6. Listing Installed Packages
To see all installed packages:
shCopyEditpip list
Example Output:
numpy 1.22.3
pandas 1.4.1
requests 2.27.1
6.1 Checking Package Details
To get details about a specific package:
pip show package_name
Example:
pip show numpy
Output:
Name: numpy
Version: 1.22.3
Summary: NumPy is the fundamental package for array computing with Python.
Location: /usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages
7. Managing Dependencies with requirements.txt
You can save installed packages into a file and share it with others.
7.1 Saving Installed Packages
To generate a requirements.txt file:
pip freeze > requirements.txt
Example requirements.txt:
numpy==1.22.3
pandas==1.4.1
requests==2.27.1
7.2 Installing from requirements.txt
To install packages from a requirements.txt file:
pip install -r requirements.txt
8. Installing Packages from a Local File
If you have a .whl file or .tar.gz archive, install it with:
pip install package_file.whl
9. Installing from a GitHub Repository
To install a package directly from GitHub:
pip install git+https://github.com/username/repository.git
10. Searching for Packages on PyPI
To search for a package in PyPI (limited results):
pip search package_name
Note: pip search is deprecated; use PyPI website instead.
11. Configuring Pip
You can set a custom package index using:
pip install --index-url https://your-private-repo/simple/ package_name
Or upgrade pip itself:
pip install --upgrade pip
12. Summary
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
pip --version | Check Pip version |
pip install package_name | Install a package |
pip install package==version | Install a specific version |
pip install --upgrade package_name | Upgrade a package |
pip uninstall package_name | Uninstall a package |
pip list | Show all installed packages |
pip show package_name | Show details about a package |
pip freeze > requirements.txt | Save installed packages |
pip install -r requirements.txt | Install dependencies from a file |
pip install git+URL | Install from a Git repository |
pip install --upgrade pip | Upgrade Pip |