Using require() in ES Modules

In Node.js, you’re encountering an issue because you’re trying to use CommonJS’s require() syntax in an ES module file (which uses import/export).

Solutions:

Option 1: Convert to ES Module syntax (recommended)

// Change this:
const module = require('module');

// To this:
import module from 'module';
// or for named exports:
import { specificExport } from 'module';

Option 2: Change your file extension and package.json

1. Rename your file from .mjs to .cjs (or keep as .js)
2. In package.json, either:

• Remove "type": "module", or
• Add "type": "commonjs"

Option 3: Dynamic import (if you really need require-like behavior)

const module = await import('module');

Option 4: Create a compatibility wrapper

import { createRequire } from 'module';
const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);

// Now you can use require
const module = require('module');

Why this happens:

• Node.js now supports ES modules natively
• Files are treated as ES modules when:
• File has .mjs extension
• Nearest package.json has "type": "module"
• File uses import/export statements

The error occurs because require() is not available in ES module scope by default.