Quantum vs Classical Notions of Reality
The contrast between quantum and classical notions of reality is one of the most profound paradigm shifts in the history of science. While classical physics, built by Newton, Maxwell, and….
Tag: decoherence
Reproducibility in Quantum Results
Reproducibility is a core principle of science. In any experiment or study, the ability to repeat the process and obtain the same or similar results confirms the reliability of the….
Error Rates by Qubit Type
Error rates in quantum computing refer to the probability that a quantum operation (like a gate, readout, or qubit state preservation) fails or produces incorrect results. These errors are a….
Heisenberg Limit in Quantum Metrology
1. Introduction to Quantum Metrology Quantum metrology is a subfield of quantum physics that focuses on using quantum properties — like entanglement, superposition, and squeezing — to measure physical quantities….
Quantum Coherence and Thermodynamics
1. Introduction: The Intersection of Quantum and Thermodynamics Thermodynamics is a well-established field that deals with energy, heat, and work in macroscopic systems. On the other hand, quantum mechanics governs….
Entropy Production in Quantum Systems
1. Introduction: What Is Entropy Production? In both classical and quantum physics, entropy production is a central concept in understanding irreversibility. While classical thermodynamics defines entropy as a measure of….
Quantum Work and Heat Definitions
1. Classical Foundations: Work and Heat Before diving into the quantum world, let’s revisit what work and heat mean in classical thermodynamics. In classical systems, work and heat are path-dependent….
Robustness in Quantum Control
Quantum control is the science of manipulating quantum systems—such as atoms, photons, or qubits—to reach specific desired outcomes. These might include performing logic gates for a quantum computer, stabilizing a….
Quantum Control of Open Systems
Quantum systems are delicate. Unlike classical systems, they can exist in superpositions, entangle with other particles, and show interference patterns. But these beautiful quantum effects are easily disrupted by interactions….
Quantum Coherence in Optics
To understand quantum coherence, we need to first explore classical coherence. Coherence is a term that describes how predictably waves behave over time and space. If two light waves are….