Quantum Information in DNA Mutation
1. Introduction: Classical View vs Quantum Curiosity At the heart of life lies DNA—a code built from four bases (A, T, G, and C) that carries genetic instructions. When DNA….
Tag: quantum information theory
Resource Theories in Quantum Thermodynamics
1. Introduction: What Are Resource Theories? In quantum thermodynamics, resource theories offer a powerful and structured way to understand what can and cannot be done under physical constraints. They provide….
Quantum Maxwell’s Demon
1. Classical Background: Who is Maxwell’s Demon? In 1867, physicist James Clerk Maxwell proposed a thought experiment that became famous in thermodynamics and information theory. He imagined a tiny, intelligent….
Entanglement Measures
Entanglement is one of the most fascinating and non-intuitive features of quantum mechanics. It refers to a situation where two or more quantum systems become so deeply connected that the….
Quantum Fidelity and Distance Measures
In classical systems, comparing two pieces of data—like numbers or text—is straightforward. You can use simple distances like subtraction or Hamming distance. But in quantum systems, the objects we’re comparing….
Quantum Channel Capacities
A quantum channel is a medium or method for transmitting quantum information—like qubits—from one place to another. You can think of it like a telephone line or internet cable, but….
Quantum Data Compression
In the classical world, data compression is everywhere. From zip files to video streaming, compression helps us store and transmit more with less. The idea is simple—remove redundancy and represent….
Holevo Bound
In classical communication, if you send a message—say a letter or a digital bit—the receiver gets the full message. If you send 1 bit, the receiver gets 1 bit of….
Quantum Mutual Information
Let’s begin with the basic idea of mutual information from classical information theory. It tells us how much knowing one variable tells us about another. For example, if you know….
QSZK (Quantum Statistical Zero-Knowledge)
QSZK stands for Quantum Statistical Zero-Knowledge. It is a complexity class in quantum computing that represents decision problems where a quantum verifier can interact with a quantum prover in a….