Quantum State Tomography
In classical physics, if you know an object’s position and velocity, you can describe its state completely. But in quantum mechanics, things are more subtle. A quantum state holds all….
Tag: quantum measurement
Holevo Bound
In classical communication, if you send a message—say a letter or a digital bit—the receiver gets the full message. If you send 1 bit, the receiver gets 1 bit of….
OpenQASM
OpenQASM stands for Open Quantum Assembly Language. It’s a low-level programming language specifically designed to describe quantum circuits that can run on a quantum processor. Think of it like the….
Quantum Turing Machines
1. Introduction: What Is a Quantum Turing Machine? To understand Quantum Turing Machines, we first need to recall the Turing Machine — a theoretical model invented by Alan Turing in….
Measurement-Based Quantum Computing
Measurement-Based Quantum Computing (MBQC), also known as one-way quantum computing, is a unique and elegant model of quantum computation. Unlike the more familiar gate-based model, where quantum gates are applied….
Entanglement Swapping
Before diving into entanglement swapping, it’s important to understand quantum entanglement. Entanglement is a unique quantum phenomenon where two or more particles become connected in such a way that the….
Quantum Teleportation
Quantum teleportation is one of the most fascinating phenomena in quantum mechanics. Despite the science-fiction name, it doesn’t involve transporting matter or people from one place to another. Instead, it….
Quantum Coin Flipping
Quantum Coin Flipping (QCF) is a cryptographic protocol that allows two parties—who don’t trust each other—to agree on a random binary outcome (heads or tails, or 0 or 1), using….
Quantum Sensors
Quantum sensors are devices that use the unique properties of quantum mechanics—like superposition, entanglement, and quantum tunneling—to measure physical quantities with extremely high precision. These sensors can detect tiny changes….
Trapped Ion Qubits
Trapped ion qubits are individual atoms that are used as the basic units of quantum information — called qubits. These atoms are held in place (or “trapped”) using electric and….